![]() The functional test is a "black box" test where the tester does not need to know about the internal source code of the program, and the program is executed in a live environment with live data and live systems. The tester understands what the program is supposed to do and sets up the functional test case by providing input to the program and defining expected output. The functional test tests that the program implements its specification correctly and is typically created by a developer or tester/QA role. A function is typically implemented as a COBOL program. Functional Test: A functional test tests a function in an application.A unit test can be described as a "white box" test where the developer has deep knowledge about the source code, and the test is executed in an isolated environment without requirements for access to external systems and data. The developer can decide what an external call from the program should return in a specific test case. The developer is in control and can stub out all external calls from the program to other systems such as IO, DB2, sub programs and CICS/IMS. It is created by a developer that understands the program code and logic and knows how to, for example, get into a specific IF statement to test this part of the code. Unit Test: A unit test tests the smallest piece of executable code in an application.As a start let us define what each test type means in relation to Total Test and elaborate a bit more on the differences compared to the technical difference above. There are no officially agreed upon clear definitions of different test types and each vendor and customer seems to have their own definitions. On top of unit tests we then have functional tests and integration tests, and in the end, we have the User Acceptance Testing (UAT), which should be a minor part compared to unit, functional and integration testing. The pyramid illustrates that unit tests should be the major part of test cases. The test types are illustrated in the pyramid below. ![]()
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